Fishing Disaster :: Environment Ecosystem Environmental Essays

Fishing Disaster Background: The ocean around the rocky shores of Newfoundland were once so full of cod that explorer John Cabot marveled in 1497 that they virtually blocked his ship. In the centuries to follow, fish became the one of the only reasons anyone ever came to Newfoundland, or stayed. Cod was the center of life in the Canadian Maritimes from the beginning. Starting in the 1950's, Huge European trawlers began to travel across the Atlantic to fish the waters off Newfoundland. Some refered to these super-ships as "Fish Factories". With the increased effort by these distant-water fleets, catches of northern cod increased in the late 1950s and early 1960s and peaked at just over 800,000 tons by 1968. However, by 1975 the Candian Government realized the devastating effect this was having on its fish populations and closed its waters to foriegn fishing boats. Although this temporarily staved off the growing crisis, European intervention had changed the nature of Canadian fishing, leading to the development of Canadian owned super-trawlers. Disaster Strikes: Throughout the 1980s, the annual catch of Canada's northern cod fishing fleet hovered around the 250,000 tonnes mark, as the Canadian government kept promoting more investment. Newfoundland's small-scale, inshore cod fishermen, however, were voicing concerns long before anyone else that the abundance of the northern cod population was not as healthy as scientists were reporting. Contradictory to scientific data, traditional inshore fishermen in Newfoundland began to notice declining catches before the mid-1980s. By 1986 the scientists also realized that the stock was declining, and by 1988 had recommended the total allowable catch be cut in half. Instead of acting immediately, in a precautionary manner to protect dwindling fish stocks by substantially reducing catch quotas at the first signs of overfishing, the federal government delayed conservation action, choosing instead quite moderate reductions of the total allowable catch beginning in 1989. It wasn't until 1990, following several years of analysis and re-analysis of data from stock surveys (without simultaneously reducing catch quotas) that the Independent Review of the state of the Northern Cod stock concluded that the population, the biomass, the spawning population, and the spawning biomass of the Northern Cod were all in decline and that fishing-related mortality was at dangerously high levels. By 1992, the biomass estimate for northern cod was the lowest ever measured. The Canadian Minister of Fisheries and Oceans had no choice but to declare a ban on fishing northern cod.

America Needs Random Drug Testing in Schools Essay -- Essays on Drug T

Ron Rodriguez from County Academy used drugs every day to function. He became so wrapped up in his lifestyle of buying and selling drugs that he felt like a prisoner. His grades dropped below average. For 2 years, he asked for help saying, â€Å"Should I go see a therapist?† to anyone that would listen. Ron would flush his system out before the annual drug test, and pass. When County Academy decided to give random drug test instead of annual tests, Ron received the help he needed. The school counseled him, in privacy, and told him he needed to go to rehab. Ron received the help he needed because County Academy found a student whose life was being taken over by drugs and helped influence him to get the proper help he needed. Today, Ron attends County Academy as a junior; he is drug free. This story serves as a great example of how drug testing helps keep students away from using drugs. Drug testing students can help prevent the use of a mind altering substance. Testin g potentially offers guidance for logical decisions to be made. A school having random drug tests could help lessen drug use and offer help to those feeling controlled by substance addiction. Drug testing in schools are a potential way of enabling better brain development. Testing can teach a student about becoming employed, for most jobs require a drug test for pre-employment and future employment. Drug test teach students to be accountable for their own actions. Non-prescribed drugs are currently illegal for children and adults to use for personal satisfaction, such as achieving a euphoric state of mind or selling for profit. Drug testing in schools is a positive reinforcement on students. Testing for drugs among a student body can help prevent drug use. Pro... ... from poor efforts exerted in the classroom. Drug test are a positive reinforcement in helping students. Helping students find their full potential are a schools main goal. If random drug test would have been applied sooner at County Academy, Ron probably would have not had to suffer through drug addiction. If students would understand those drug tests are actually there to help them, they wouldn’t fear taking a drug test. Drug test are a positive reinforcement. Works Cited Walters, John P. "Student Drug Testing Is Necessary." Opposing Viewpoints: Privacy. Ed. Jamuna Carroll. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2006. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Gale. University of West Alabama. 16 Mar. 2010 .

A Rose for Emily Summary

Faulkner beautifully illustrates the morbid parallelism between Emily’s father and the house that imprisoned her. Both were controlled and manipulated by the very being that would eventually destroy them. Faulkner strategically places the home of the Grierson’s, on what was once consider a prestigious street in the crumbling, overcrowded town of Jefferson. Here, both monuments of the past are forced to maintain a dignified facade of sanity among an ever-changing society. There are two interpretations to be made in understanding the motive and meaning behind Emily murdering Homer Barron, in â€Å"A Rose for Emily†. The first motive deals with the personal revenge Emily seeks towards her father, the second being towards the town of Jefferson who scrutinized her and critically analyzed everything she did. The death of Emily’s father set in motion a diabolically evil scheme to seek the ultimate revenge on the patriarchal society of Jefferson, which controlled and ultimately claimed her sanity. Her revenge began with her father whom she hated for denying her the privilege of having a normal and successful woman’s life. Emily’s hatred began to fester within the depths of her soul as a young child, dominated by a father who concluded that no male figure was good enough to inherit the status of courting or marrying a Grierson. Emily became emotionally tormented by the very thought of being a spinster and having no other male figure to love, besides her controlling father. The growing resentment continued as she became older and perspective suitor’s appeared at the front door, ultimately to be chased away with a horsewhip. Although the violence is apparently outward-the upraised horsewhip against the would be suitor- the real object of it is the woman-daughter, forced into the background and dominated by the phallic figure of the spraddled father whose back is turned on her and who prevents her from getting out at the same time that he prevents them, suitors, from getting in. † (560). Emily was a caged animal, imprisoned by her controlling father, in a circus whose master manipulate s all of the animals’ movements, emotions, and physical appearance by a carefully illustrated system of rewards and punishments. Emily’s’ rewards, according to her father, was that she be portrayed to the towns people as â€Å"a slender figure in white† too pure for the stains of any human being to corrupt what he, the father, masterfully created. Emily’s punishment was that she would eventually be revered as an untouchable figure who’s every action or movement would be analyzed by the town of Jefferson. It wasn’t until that fateful day, the death of her father, when Emily was finally able to outwardly express her revenge upon the very first male who suppressed her emotionally and physically, by not giving him the proper burial a Grierson deserved. Instead, she was able to experience, first hand, the feeling of triumph over watching her so-called beloved father rot before her very eyes, the sweet revenge of a twisted character. Emily cleverly denied to the town’s people that her father died in order to secretly express her future intention of revenge towards the town of Jefferson by not letting them, the residents, immediately dispose of his decrypted and decaying body. â€Å"She told them that her father was not dead. She did that for three days, with the minister calling on her, and the doctors, trying to persuade her to let them dispose of the body. Just as they were about to resort to law and force, she broke down, and they buried her father quickly. †(27). â€Å"Because she is Miss Emily Grierson, the town invests her with that communal significance which makes her the object of their obsession and subject of their incessant scrutiny†¦ the town is able to impose a particular code of behavior and to see her in failure to live up to that code an excuse for interfering in her life. (560). The result of the towns interfering adds fuel to her fire to seek the revenge for interfering in her life and being so critical of every movement that she makes. The most significant diabolically evil plan Emily sought was the revenge on the patriarchy society of Jefferson, which no one would be able to comprehend the magnitude of the murder of Homer Barron. After the death of her father, the townsme n felt pity for her and claimed that leaving her the decrypted; decaying housing structure was a way of knocking her off the pedestal and becoming more humanized. The patriarchal society outwardly expressed their need to watch over and care for the lonely spinster who they concluded incapable of providing for her financially. Colonel Satoris, the eldest patriarch of Jefferson, fabricated a story to justify why the town remitted her taxes, claiming that it was from a financial loan her father provided for the town many years ago. The motive for the murder of Homer Barron was for Emily, on her deathbed, to gain the last laugh at a town that scrutinized and critiqued her yet never came to understand why she acted and lived as she did. Another motive for the murder of Homer Barron was to prove to the patriarchal society of Jefferson that even though she, Emily, could not â€Å"persuade him to marry her† (535). Due to his perversions, she may still succeed in controlling Homer if her were dead. No one would be able to take that secret love she had for Homer away even though he would never reciprocate it the same way because of his alternative lifestyle. Homo Homer was an embarrassment to Emily, because for the first time ever she was free love someone, and he turned out to love young men more than women. This humanizes Emily even more and in turn it helps explode the decades of manipulation and control she receives at the hands of her father. She had a perfect plan; no one in the town of Jefferson would ever believe that Emily, being a real lady â€Å"to forget noblesse oblige—without calling it noblesse oblige† (535). â€Å"Emily is exempted from general indictment because she is a real lady-that is, eccentric, slightly crazy, obsolete, a â€Å"stubborn and coquettish decay†, absurd but indulged; â€Å"dear, inescapable, impervious, tranquil, and perverse†; indeed, anything and everything but human. (561). Who would believe she would have murdered someone in order to have their love. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is taken from a morbidly crepitated point of view where an author obviously is hiding many deep dark secrets within his past without bluntly coming out and exposing it to the rest of society. Faulkner disguises his own tragedies from his past t hrough the story to give himself a sense of personal release from his own personal bondage. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is utilized as a clever way for William Faulkner to disguise his own slide from sanity.

The History Of Forensic Accounting Accounting Essay

White-collar offense has acquiring serious around the universe if comparison with the last few old ages. Bank fraud, recognition card fraud, cyberspace fraud, fiscal fraud, public corruptnesss and so on are considered as the offense. These offenses have shared the same features that defraud money from unsuspecting victims which can name this as fraud. Richard and Kent ( 2010 ) stated that there are ever misconceptions of white-collar offenses are non-violent and are committed by those who are non-violent in nature because it says that all white-collar offenses do non harm and violence so this is really parlous misconception. Harmonizing to Kenneth ( 2010 ) , Scots Government has announced extra financess for development of forensic accounting on 2nd June 2009 within the Scots Crime and Drugs Enforcement Agency. A portion of the accounting intent is observing misrepresentation or fraud or white collar offense. Hearers have to lookout against fraud or misrepresentation which is something the inside or outside by their periodic audits. To turn out the fraud for a concern that is identified deceitful dealing, a new group of accounting are needed and they are called as forensic accounting. Forensic comptrollers will utilize their professional accomplishments during carry out an probe. They are non merely necessitate to react fleetly and supply clear fiscal information but besides being concise in courtroom. They are trained to look farther than the Numberss and grip with the concern world of the conditions. ( Foresicglobal, 2012 ) Nowadays many universities have offered some progress grades, enfranchisements, and places that are needed to measure up the comptrollers to go a qualified forensic comptroller. Prosecution support or accounting probe is typically involved by forensic comptrollers. They must hold some signifier of certification that is mensurable of the work or calling they are looking for. Certified in Forensic Accounting ( CFF ) is formed out by AICPA which is short signifier of The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants in 2008. AICPA got all the professional forensic comptrollers together and it makes CPAs go the most sure adviser in concern. ( Aida 2010 ) Harmonizing to AICPA ( 2013 ) , for new appliers that who want to acquire the CFF Credential, a valid CPA licence or certification issued by lawfully constituted province authorization must be in clasp. The CFF Credential Application is completed when they passed the CFF scrutiny. Applicants must turn out themselves have meet the minimal Business Experience and Education demands and a credential fee is needed. ( AICPA 2013 ) Since forensic accounting requires professional cognition that crosses the countries of accounting, condemnable probe, regulative statute law and judicial judicial proceeding so it can considered as an exciting field. Forensic comptrollers need to cognize how the manner the endeavors work is. Forensic comptrollers are expected to understand the manner little and big endeavors operate, prepare ratings in commercial and civil differences, and uncover the darker side of concern. Owing to the aggressive growing of fraud around the universe, the function of forensic comptrollers is acquiring more important in last few old ages. These yearss, they are needed by many concerns to forestall or observe fraud that make it go a niche market. It is easy to acquire occupation if comparison with other market such as IT which is in a concentrated status. Forensic accounting is a broad occupation range that required excess cognition to undertake down the fraud strategies such as concern jurisprudence, scrutinizing and revenue enhancement. Alternatively of narrow working bearer that may restrict forensic accounting pupils ‘ possible abilities, it can take to them to hold multi pick of occupations. As the demand of forensic comptrollers increases, the salary degree will increases at the same clip. It is a natural phenomenon when demand additions due to the market needs. Bing a forensic comptroller may hold higher payment than other businesss. ( Daug 2012 ) Everything got negative sides. Because Forensic comptrollers need to happen out the grounds that can direct the suspects which conduct the fraud go to prisons, they are ever holding emphasis that come from their clients. Forensic comptrollers ever need to work for longer clip particularly at the terminal of the twelvemonth and revenue enhancement season. Due to the complexness, they need a batch of times to look into and analyze securities frauds of the company. ( Bureau of Labor Statistics 2012 ) High costing of instruction is a drawback for a forensic comptroller. Become a forensic comptroller, the basic making is at least a Bachelor ( BA ) in Accounting. It enlarges the trouble being a forensic comptroller. Furthermore, experience demands may necessitate all the clip such as experience in auditing, accounting of probes. ( Thomas 2009 ) A batch of frauds around the universe have tackled down by forensic comptrollers. One of the biggest frauds in history is Madoff matter that perpetrated by Bernard L. Madoff in December 2008. ( U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 2012 ) A entire sum of 60 five billion dollars has been taken from investors to put in his investing concern. ( Pbs 2009 ) This fraud ‘s victim came from super rich to pensionaries and fiscal establishment or even local charities organisation. It gave a large impact to the whole universe economic sciences and some large fiscal establishment such as Walter Noel, US fund director of The Fairfield Greenwich Group has the largest losingss that seven and half billion dollars of its 17 and half billion dollars invested with Madoff and ties to international wealth. ( Jean 2008 ) Another celebrated instance is WorldCom Scandal and called as one of the serious corporate offenses in the U.S history. It was at one clip the telecommunication company as the 2nd long distance phone company in US. It was faced a monolithic accounting dirt that lead to bankruptcy in twelvemonth 2002. Company ‘s history Numberss has been trumped up by direction executive that blow uping about twelve billion dollars. The bankruptcy of Worldcom led to monolithic losingss for investors. ( O.C and Linda, 2011 ) Several former executives of WorldCom have been involved in this instance and faced condemnable charges for it. Former CEO Berned Ebbers was punished twenty five old ages in gaol ( Pappalardo 2005 ) and Scott Sullivan as former CFO received five old ages jailed which see a light sentence due to the deal that he agreed to plead guilty and testified against Ebbers in 2005. ( Ferranti 2005 ) Worldcom could non hedge from bankruptcy and renamed as MIC in 2004. ( Edward and Martin , 2006 ) As the decision, in counter or conflicting parties-that is needed to construction and back up an sentiment, forensic comptrollers must hold great interesting in and the ability to widen accounting, scrutinizing, financial and analytical accomplishments to separate, papers and analyze information. The forensic comptrollers should hold self confidence and able to give respond immediately to the inquiries that got in tribunal. Besides, can be given the replies of the inquiry is more of import, the tribunal will understand them if must hold a good communicating about extremely proficient and hard fiscal information. ( Forensicglobal, 2012 ) AICPA ( 2013 ) Certified in Financial Forensics ( CFF ) Credential Overview ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.aicpa.org/InterestAreas/ForensicAndValuation/Membership/Pages/Overview % 20Certified % 20in % 20Financial % 20Forensics % 20Credential.aspx [ Accessed 9th Jan 2013 ] AIDA S. ( 2010 ) Enhance YOUR PROFESSIONAL POTENTIAL: OBTAIN FORENSIC ACCOUNTING CREDENTIALS ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //aaahq.org/TwoYear/newsletters/Spring2010/item2.htm [ Accessed 8th Jan 2013 ] Bureau of Labor Statistics ( 2013 ) Accountants and Auditors ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bls.gov/ooh/Business-and-Financial/Accountants-and-auditors.htm # tab-3 [ Accessed 18th Jan 2013 ] Daug G. ( 2012 ) Forensic accounting a turning niche field ( on-line ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //robinson.gsu.edu/resources2/files/news/2012/forensic-accounting-abc.pdf [ Accessed 17th Jan 2013 ] Edward J.R. and Martin C. ( 2006 ) WorldCom Case Study Update 2006 ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.scu.edu/ethics/dialogue/candc/cases/worldcom-update.html [ Accessed 16th Jan 2013 ] Forensic ( 2012 ) What is a Forensic Accountant? ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.forensicglobal.org/whatisfa.html [ Accessed: 08th Jan 2013 ] Jean S. ( 2008 ) Madoff prostration has planetary impact ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wsws.org/en/articles/2008/12/mado-d18.html [ Accessed 15th Jan 2013 ] Kenneth M. ( 2010 ) Leveling organised offense groups through enforcement of the POCA money laundering offenses, Journal of Money Laundering Control, Vol. 13 Iodine: 1 pp. 7 – 14 O.C. F. and Linda F. ( 2011 ) WorldCom ‘s Bankruptcy Crisis ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //danielsethics.mgt.unm.edu/pdf/WorldCom % 20Case.pdf [ Accessed 16th Jan 2013 ] PBS ( 2009 ) The Madoff Affair ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/madoff/etc/synopsis.html [ Accessed 15th Jan 2013 ] Richard G.B. and Kent A.K. ( 2010 ) From white-collar offense to red-collar offense, Journal of Financial Crime, Vol. 17 Iodine: 3 pp. 351 – 364 Thomas L. ( 2009 ) What to Look for in a Forensic Accountant ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nysscpa.org/sound_advice/forensic_acc.htm [ Accessed 18th Jan 2013 ] U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ( 2012 ) The Securities and Exchange Commission Post-Madoff Reforms ( online ) Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sec.gov/spotlight/secpostmadoffreforms.htm [ Accessed 15th Jan 2013 ]

An Analysis Of Plato And Rousseau Ideologies Theology Religion Essay

An Analysis Of Plato And Rousseau Ideologies Theology Religion Essay The general definition of education is the transmission and learning of cultural technique by a group of individuals that is able to satisfy its general needs, to protect each other against the hostility of physical and biological environment, and to work and live together peacefully. These all techniques are usually called culture, and a human society could not survive without its background of custom and culture. This concept can be applied in civil and primitive society; the primitive society is characterized by the role of education finalized to guarantee the immutability of the cultural techniques. On the other hand, in a civil society the education gives the opportunity to face new and mutable situations. At this point we can define two different forms of education: the one, which simply transmits the technique of work and behavior to maintain the natural immutability of human beings, and this concept is related to moral and religious education. The second form interests the r ole of education into a civic society. Its aim is to forge the individuals’ personalities by giving them the capacity to correct and improve their own education. This civic form of education analyzes the human being’s process of forming his own culture, and even the education becomes the aim and the goal of the entire process. For this reason, education has always been an important theme in political and social background. Since ancient age philosophers and scholars wrote about the main principles and general foundations of public and private education in a state. Famous emperors such as Charles the Great who attributed importance to the role of education into his empire, even if he was not a cultured king, considered education a relevant instrument for creating an homogeneous ruling class loyal to the empire and capable to create a unity for the formation of cultural traditions and customs. Therefore, education is a natural part of human beings’ development; it allows individuals to acquire some basic and relevant skills in attitude and mental thought that staying in animal stage they are not able to learn. The aim of this essay is to define the right definition of education in political theory field through the main and significant works of Plato and Rousseau, and to analyze its importance in the social and political common good. As it is mentioned before, both Plato and Rousseau have elaborated different ideas regarding the same topic of the role of education, the pedagogy, the formation of perfect philosopher-king and good social figure in their own conception of society. This essay wants to begin an analysis by comparing and contrasting the political and philosophical theories of there two thinkers. First of all, Plato’s Republic has defined more as an educational treatise rather than a political book (Rousseau 57); in fact, Plato’s philosophy is concentrated on ethics, he is interested in what and â€Å"how is the best to live† (Meckenzie 88). According to Plato, education is the base of the philosophical education of guardians and future citizens of the ideal city of the Politeia. Plato elaborates a new kind of education in line with the Socratic philosophy; in fact, the main speaker of dialogues in the Republic is Socrates himself, who embodies the philosophical soul and figure of which should be the skills and characteristics of the perfect philosopher-king. The conception of education in the Republic is explained through the philosophical concept of the Myth of the Cave; it is not a case that Plato decided to present education in the way of the myth. In ancient cultures, in particular in Greek culture, the myth indeed had been considered a kid of tale with a underlying meaning that through the heroic deeds of gods and semi-gods should have convey a specific learning for human beings. According to Arthur A. Krentz of Luther College in his Play and Education in Plato’s states: â₠¬Å"The Myth of the Cave is presented as a metaphor of education (paideia, 7.514a) but it may also serve as a model of the role of an educational mentor, such as Socrates. Thus we can compare Socrates to the free, philosophical wise man who reenters the nether-world of the dark caveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in order to attempt to rescue those who live in this shadowy worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  With this quotation, we can understand that Plato-Socrates wants to outline a fixed model of elite education regarding to those people who are by natural inclinations more talented to cover the role of the guardian. In the Encyclopedia of Children and Childhood in History and Society, in the paragraph of The State as an Education Entity is expressed how Plato considers Education the core of his Republic alike the research of the meaning of justice. In fact, Plato is firmly persuaded that if guardian and future children are educated through Socratic philosophical ideas, the pursuit of the Public Good bec omes the principle at the base of the just City-State. Therefore, the passage that the other spokesmen have to understand before starting the investigation of justice is â€Å"what is the best education for philosopher-kings and in what does consist it?† In the opinion of Ariel Dillon â€Å"the ability to know is always within a man-faltering, but useful only depending on whether it is focused on the truth (518e)à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ anyone could be a philosopher with the right trainingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the purpose of the philosopher-kings’ education is eventually teach children how to distinguish right from wrong showing them the whole truth†. The knowledge and development process that philosophers undertake from the cave to the new world is long and difficult, but they are motivated by the inner truth that they own to achieve the common good for a just state. After the release from the cave where human beings are imprisoned and forced to see projected figures on the wa ll, philosophers start they path out of the cave; they will encounter the powerful light of the Sun and they are blinded by it, but afterwards a period of familiarization with the external world they acquire the truth and the capacity to become the real philosopher king and guardian. According to Arthur A. Krentz â€Å"the aim of the educational process is the fostering of the growth and development of the learner toward the ultimate objective of the individual’s contribution to a good society and the vision of the Good itself.† Plato has a altruistic vision of education in fact as Ariel Dillon states in her article Education in Plato’s Republic: † [the philosophers] must escape the cave, be educated in the good through philosophy (512c), and then return to the cave to rile and enlighten others (519d).

Business Tourism Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Tourism - Assignment Example This is a sector that has been found to be substantial, both in terms of profitability and long-term economic growth. The report will detail the effect on the economy of the preparations for the 2012 Olympic Games. The planning that is required to assist in the smooth operation of the Games is considered in detail as are the specific tactical objectives needed in order to realise an effective timetable for project management. The report looks firstly at the value to Britain of Business Tourism, given the history and future potential of this sector. There will be emphasis on the economic contributions of various tourism sectors on the British economy as well as detailed statistical data from various government ministries. The information and quantitative data for the report has been compiled with the use of detailed research obtained from various notable authorities including Michael Hirst (Chairman of Business Tourism Partnership); online travel publications (Incentive Travel; Visit London; Visit Britain); The Secretary of State, the honourable James Purnell; the UK Skills Passport Initiative; Review of the Impact of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games on the South East Region through their Web Site Seeda and Ian Whiteling of Oxford University Quoting Michael Hirst - the Chairman of Business Tourism Partnership: "Business tour... o exceed 100 billion a year." The Press Release of 20 November 2006 further highlighted that, "Over the past 10 years there has been a growth of 53% in all business trips exceeding the overall tourism growth rate. Over 8 million visits are made to the UK each year for business purposes, contributing some 4 billion to the British economy. The sector generates 28% of all overseas visitors and 29% of inbound tourism earnings. British tourism opportunities create high quality, year-round employment for some 530 000 jobs, directly and indirectly." (Business Tourism Partnership.BusinessTourismpartnership) 2.2 Factors to consider The key to creating a sustainable and profitable business tourism market as the major beneficiary of the 2012 Olympic Games is dependent on several factors namely: The conference, sporting and leisure facilities available for delegates and business tourists alike; the hospitality sector and the quality of its personnel; the public safety; transport and telecommunications networks and of course the ability to provide high quality service through hospitality, tourism and communications networks. London as the centrepiece for the 2012 Olympics has a myriad of arts and cultural interest venues. The metropolis is renowned not only as one of the fashion capitals of the world, but also as a major economic powerhouse. As such, the city's infrastructure is highly developed along with its transport, communications and hospitality establishments. The business tourist, as an individual with a discerning taste and a larger budget, is more likely to partake in the accoutrements of London's noted fanfare. These include dining out; theatre; merchandise; sporting events and of course luxury accommodation. The peripheral expenses include car-hires; taxis and

Management Science & System Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Management Science & System - Coursework Example This competency is described as the ability to systematically and fairly measure what is commonly thought as hidden costs difficult to quantify (INFORMS2010). Q. In the case study, five scenarios are presented (pages 60-61) but there is no detailed analysis of how the scenarios were identified. Explain how management science could have been used to identify a range of scenarios in this case. In the article â€Å"Accelerating the profitability of HP Supply chain,† the challenge to maintain corporate performance compels that a deeper analysis of simple product movement from end to end be drawn. First off, the industry pace dictates short term product value, whereas older products lose value quickly. Second, the HP operation is described by New York Times as an expansive business offering involving tens of thousands of products in million product configurations. Having the greater chunk of market shares in PCs, printers, and servers in over 170 countries across six continents is held by HP, continuous product entry occurs in the pipeline. To ensure effective service levels, HP has to contend with severe market diverse. Certain regions have less concentrated demands but high product variety. In which case, the inventory driven costs are considerably fixed values that can be controlled, if not brought to minimum, relative to its volume production. More importantly, these values can be measured and forecast (Davenport 2010, INFORMS2010, Ward et al 2010). The science behind the formulation of scenarios was pioneered by L. R. Ford. The idea is a particular scenario makes up network flows or a chain of related activities. In a set of scenarios, network flows could be analysed by comparison. The analysis assumes all variables remain unchanged except for a single factor in the supply chain configuration, which is altered deliberately to identify profit variation. Or, the cost structure determined in a particular scenario specifies the level of